Char value for MRZ checksum: '0'-'9' → 0..9; 'A'-'Z' → 10..35; '<' → 0.
Returns -1 for any character outside the MRZ alphabet (callers may treat
this as "invalid" without an exception).
A single-character string. Multi-char strings return -1.
Numeric value in [0, 35], or -1 for invalid input.
Public algorithm primitives. Tree-shakable subpath:
nationid/algorithms.Each function is a pure mathematical primitive with cited spec.